Types and Strategies of Large Companies in Hungary

Abstract

There are two agruing groups in the Hungarian economic and regional professionals. The anti-globalist opinion is concentrate on the disadvantages of green-field investments of mul- tinational companies, focus on the high rate of export activity in paralel of low rate of GDP and without local and regional connections with outer companies. The liberal group enlight the positive effects of FDI's in the Hungarian economy as a whole, but in the regional economies, too. They emphasize the convergating trends in the development of foreign-owned and Hungarian parts of the economy, the forming networks and the emerginig GDP-rates in the companies. Our hypothesis focused on the owners of the companies, the sectoral structure, the export-capacity and rate of GDP in the largest companies (industrial and constructional) of Hungary, using the database of TOP 200. Seeing the weak points of our paper, the conclusion is, that the sectoral structure was the main factor of emerging differen- cies among companies. The rate of export, or GDP had only secondary importance generating diversity. The strucutre of owners, or spatial structure had only a small rate of inequalities. However, the sectoral differences involve differences in the strucutre of owners, the export- capacity and rate of GDP, as well, especially in the sectors of car-industry and electonics. An other result of this paper, that we could verify the different (sectoral-)types of large compa- nies, which could be the bodies of a well-structured economic policy in Hungary.